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Demographics of Eswatini

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Demographics of Eswatini
Population pyramid of Eswatini in 2020
Population1,121,761 (2022 est.)
Growth rate0.75% (2022 est.)
Birth rate23.35 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate9.71 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy59.69 years
 • male57.62 years
 • female61.81 years
Fertility rate2.44 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate39.63 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate-6.16 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years33.63%
65 and over3.83%
Sex ratio
Total0.9 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.03 male(s)/female
Under 151 male(s)/female
65 and over0.48 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalitySwati
Language
OfficialEnglish, siSwati

Demographic features of the population of Eswatini include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

The majority of Eswatini's population is ethnic Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulus and white Africans, predominantly of British and Afrikaner origin. This population also includes a small segment within it that is mixed with any number of these ancestries.

Traditionally Swazis have been subsistence farmers and herders, but most now work in the growing urban formal economy and in government. Some Swazis work in the mines in South Africa. Eswatini also received Portuguese settlers and black refugees from Mozambique. Christianity in Eswatini is sometimes mixed with traditional beliefs and practices. Most Swazis ascribe a special spiritual role to the Swazi Royal Family.

The country's official languages are Siswati (a language related to Zulu) and English. Government and commercial business is conducted mainly in English. Asians, Afrikaners, Portuguese, and black Mozambicans speak their own languages.

Population

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Demographics of Eswatini, Data of UNDESA (Population Division), year 2019; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

Eswatini's population is 1,113,276 according to the July 2021 estimate from the CIA World Factbook. The 2007 Census put the nation's population at 912,229. This number is lower than the 1997 Census, which gave 929,718 residents. The small difference is believed to be the result of massive emigration of Swazis to South Africa in search of work.[1]

According to the 2010 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 1,186,000 in 2010, compared to only 273,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 38.4%, 58.2% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.4% was 65 years or older .[2]

Year Total population Population percentage
aged 0–14 aged 15–64 aged 65+
1950 273 000
43.0%
54.3%
2.7%
1955 307 000
44.2%
53%
2.8%
1960 349 000
45.2%
52%
2.8%
1965 392 000
46.3%
51.0%
2.7%
1970 446 000
47.2%
50.1%
2.7%
1975 517 000
48.0%
49.3%
2.7%
1980 603 000
48.8%
48.5%
2.7%
1985 706 000
48.9%
48.3%
2.8%
1990 863 000
48.1%
49.2%
2.7%
1995 964 000
47.6%
49.6%
2.8%
2000 1 064 000
44.6%
52.4%
3.0%
2005 1 105 000
41.8%
55%
3.2%
2010 1 186 000
38.4%
58.2%
3.4%

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 29.IV.2017): [3]

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 531 111 562 127 1 093 238 100
0–4 65 218 64 990 130 208 11.91
5–9 65 109 64 719 129 828 11.88
10–14 63 783 63 654 127 437 11.66
15–19 60 955 59 213 120 168 10.99
20–24 52 280 54 236 106 516 9.74
25–29 46 551 50 188 96 739 8.85
30–34 42 148 44 222 86 370 7.90
35–39 33 443 33 538 66 981 6.13
40–44 24 428 25 268 49 696 4.55
45–49 19 194 22 084 41 278 3.78
50–54 14 094 18 724 32 818 3.00
55–59 12 062 15 754 27 816 2.54
60–64 10 059 12 810 22 869 2.09
65-69 7 322 10 037 17 359 1.59
70-74 4 998 8 256 13 254 1.21
75-79 3 484 5 664 9 148 0.84
80+ 2 846 6 193 9 039 0.83
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 194 110 193 363 387 473 35.44
15–64 315 214 336 037 651 251 59.57
65+ 18 650 30 150 48 800 4.46
Unknown 3 137 2 577 5 714 0.52

Vital statistics

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Registration of vital events in Eswatini is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [2]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950-1955 14 000 7 000 7 000 48.1 22.6 25.5 6.70 174
1955-1960 16 000 7 000 9 000 47.6 20.8 26.8 6.70 160
1960-1965 18 000 7 000 10 000 47.9 19.6 28.2 6.75 150
1965-1970 20 000 8 000 13 000 49.0 18.5 30.4 6.85 141
1970-1975 24 000 8 000 16 000 49.3 16.4 32.9 6.87 124
1975-1980 27 000 8 000 19 000 48.5 14.2 34.2 6.73 108
1980-1985 31 000 8 000 23 000 47.7 12.0 35.7 6.54 90
1985-1990 36 000 8 000 28 000 46.1 10.3 35.8 6.13 77
1990-1995 36 000 9 000 28 000 39.9 9.4 30.4 5.30 69
1995-2000 35 000 12 000 22 000 34.1 11.9 22.1 4.49 80
2000-2005 34 000 17 000 17 000 31.8 15.7 16.1 4.01 87
2005-2010 34 000 17 000 17 000 30.1 14.9 15.2 3.57 76
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Demographic and Health Surveys

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Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]

Year Total Urban Rural
CBR TFR CBR TFR CBR TFR
1986 6,4
1991 5,6
1997 4,5
1999-2002 4,2
2006-2007 31,1 3,8 (2,1) 31,9 3,0 (1,8) 31,0 4,2 (2,2)

Life expectancy at birth

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Life expectancy from 1950 to 2015 (UN World Population Prospects):[5]

Period Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 41.44
1955–1960 Increase 43.47
1960–1965 Increase 45.05
1965–1970 Increase 46.69
1970–1975 Increase 49.61
1975–1980 Increase 52.61
1980–1985 Increase 56.15
1985–1990 Increase 59.66
1990–1995 Decrease 59.44
1995–2000 Decrease 52.50
2000–2005 Decrease 45.93
2005–2010 Increase 48.41
2010–2015 Increase 54.99

Ethnic groups

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Swazi people dancing in a cultural village show.

Languages

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Religion

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Main article: Religion in Eswatini
Christian 90% (Zionist - a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship - 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, other 30% - includes Anglican, Methodist, Church of Jesus Christ, Jehovah's Witness), Muslim 2%, other 8% (includes Baha'i, Buddhist, Hindu, indigenous, Jewish) (2015 est.)

See also

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Notes

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Demographics of Eswatini.
  1. ^ Nolen, Stephanie (2009-04-03). "Where have all the Swazis gone?". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on December 26, 2015. Retrieved 2015-12-26.
  2. ^ a b "World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision" (PDF) (Press release). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2011-05-03. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-06.
  3. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  4. ^ http://www.safaids.net/files/Swaziland%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Survey%202006-2007.pdf[permanent dead link‍]
  5. ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Archived from the original on 2016-09-19. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  6. ^ "SWAZILAND: General data". Archived from the original on 2018-05-29. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  7. ^ "Africa :: ESWATINI". CIA The World Factbook. Retrieved 12 September 2018.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.

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